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What is Bulimia Nervosa?
Bulimia nervosa is a serious and complex eating disorder that can be life-threatening if not addressed early. People with bulimia often go through cycles of binge eating—consuming large amounts of food while feeling a loss of control—followed by attempts to purge the body. Purging can take the form of vomiting, misuse of laxatives, excessive exercise, or fasting, and is usually done in secret. Over time, the binge/purge cycles often become more frequent, and the behaviours can take up increasing amounts of a person’s day.
The causes of bulimia vary from person to person. Many individuals struggling with bulimia may have personality traits such as perfectionism, obsessiveness, or heightened anxiety. Other contributing factors can include untreated mental health conditions, past trauma, low self-esteem, a critical inner voice, genetic predisposition, or learned behaviours from family during childhood.
Bulimia can have severe consequences for both physical and mental health. Some of the risks include kidney damage, dehydration, heart complications, dental problems, irregular or missed menstrual cycles, digestive issues, depression, anxiety, substance misuse, self-harm, and thoughts of suicide. In some cases, individuals may start with other eating disorders, such as anorexia or binge eating, which can later develop into bulimia.